随着《关于公立医院改革试点的指导意见》的出台，探索管办分开的有效形式成为公立医院改革的一项重要任务。北京的“管办分开不分家”和上海的“管办分开又分家”两种管办分开改革试点有诸多相同点和不同点，各有优势、劣势、机遇、挑战。通过SWOT法，对比分析北京、上海两地的管办分开改革举措，以期为公立医院改革试点提供理论支持与决策参考。

With the introduction of Guidelines of public hospital reform pilot, exploring the effective form of separation of management from operation becomes an important task to public hospital management system. Two kinds of reforms, namely Beijing’s-separating management from operation, and not separating home” and Shanghai’s-“separating management from operation, and separating home” exist many similarities and differences, both existing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges. This study analyzed both Beijing and Shanghai’s reform initiatives through SWOT method, in order to provide theoretical and decision-making support for further implementing the pilot reform of public hospitals.