| 摘要: |
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目的 了解上海市老年人口的健康状况及老年护理供给和需求的影响因素，测算目前及2015年存在的床位缺口，提出构建与人口老龄化相适应的老年护理服务体系建设的政策建议。方法 通过理论研究、文献归纳、现场调研、焦点组访谈等定量和定性相结合的研究方法，对上海市老龄人口护理服务供给和需求现状进行评估。结果 上海老年护理机构存在的主要问题：老年护理院亏损严重，运营不佳；老年护理院功能定位不清，服务项目有待完善；床位周转率极低，“压床”现象严重。结论 多渠道筹资，合理配置卫生资源，推进多层次老年医疗护理服务体系；建立护理分类支付制度，引导良性就医；发展以家庭为基础的社区长期保健；多层次培养老年护理人才。 |
| 关键词: 人口老龄化 老年护理 服务体系 |
| DOI： |
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| Research on the Supply and Demand Estimation of Aged Care and the Establishment of Long-term Care System in Shanghai |
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| Abstract: |
| Objective To understand the aging population’s health status, factors affecting the supply and the demand of senile nursing, and estimate the gaps at present and in 2015, finally propose the countermeasures of establishing senile nursing system. Method The supply and demand of senile nursing system in Shanghai was analyzed through quantitative and qualitative methods including literature review, expert consultation and questionnaire survey. Result Senile nursing system in Shanghai lacked policy support. Medical and nursing cost of senile people was over-burden, lacking specialized nursing staff. The existing problems included insufficient funding, non-normative establishment of nursing agency and the extremely low bed turnover rate. Conclusion It is proposed that health resources by various ways should be rationally allocated, to put forward various levels of senile medical and nursing service system; nursing classification payment system be established to lead benign treatment; the long-term community health care orientated from family be developed; and multilayer aged care nursing staff be trained. |
| Key words: aging of population, nursing for the elderly, service system |
