| 摘要: |
| 目的 了解医护人员职业性暴露和职业性伤害现状，分析原因，提出有效的防范管理对策。方法 整群抽取武汉市某三甲医院医护人员共792人进行问卷调查。结果 各种职业性伤害的发生率以锐器伤（49.61%）最高；各种职业性暴露的发生率以长期接触消毒灭菌剂（70.31%）最高；针刺伤发生人次占锐器伤的70.82％；针刺伤发生的原因以吸药、配药、加药和回套针帽最常见。多因素Logistic回归显示，职业性伤害与工龄、性格特征、工作紧张、经常性不规范操作、防护意识等有关。结论 医院管理层应提高对职业性伤害的重视程度，建立职业性伤害管理制度，加强职业安全教育，规范操作行为，提高防护意识和防护能力，完善防护设施，减少医护人员职业性伤害的发生。 |
| 关键词: LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char">医护人员；职业性伤害；防范 |
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| Causes and Managing Measures of Occupational Injury among Doctors and Nurses |
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| Abstract: |
| Objective To study the status of occupational injury among doctors and nurses and explore the causes and managing measures.Method Cluster sampling were used to investigate 792 doctors and nurses of a third-level A hospital of Wuhan.Result Sharp instrument injury had the highest rate of 49.61%.Long time exposure to antiseptic had the highest rate of 70.31%.Pricking wound happened 70.82％ among sharp instrument injury.Recapping extended needles was the most dangerous factor.Multivariate logistic regression showed that occupational injury was related to working age，individual characteristics，hard working，operating behaviours and protective awareness.Conclusion Hospital management should pay attention and reduce the rate by constituting system，enhanced education，standardizing operating behaviours，improving protective ability，and completing service facilities. |
| Key words: doctors and nurses,occupational injury,prevention |
