| 摘要: |
| 目的 了解农村居民对门诊与住院及县乡两级医疗机构的就诊偏好，为引导医疗资源下沉与居民合理就医提供依据。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样的方法抽取12个样本乡镇，收集居民2014年医疗服务利用的数据，运用Microsoft Office Excel 2010筛选处理数据，采用描述性统计以及χ2检验比较就诊偏好的人口学分布及特征。结果 农村居民仅利用门诊、仅利用住院的比例分别为74.83%、15.92%；仅在乡、仅在县就诊的比例分别为44.65%、41.49%；不同地区、性别、年龄的居民对门诊或住院、乡级或县级机构的偏好不同（均P＜0.05）；农村居民在不同级别医疗机构就诊时对门诊或住院的偏好也不同（P＜0.05），14.51%的居民存在只在县级医院且只住院的偏好。结论 我国各地区农村居民对医疗服务的利用存在偏好，男性和少儿偏向于在乡级医疗机构就诊，女性和老年人偏好住院且以县级医院为主，就诊偏好显示农村居民对医疗服务的利用存在不合理现象。 |
| 关键词: 农村居民 医疗服务 就诊偏好 |
| DOI： |
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| Analysis of Residents’ Preference to Health Services in Rural China |
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| Abstract: |
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Objective
To know rural residents’ preference to health services of outpatient or hospitalization and health institutions level of county or town, for providing policy basis for rational allocation of health resources, and guiding residents to reasonable medical utilization. Methods With stratified and cluster sampling method, extracting 12 sample villages and towns to collect data of the health services utilization in 2014 through using Microsoft Office Excel 2010 screening process data. Descriptive statistics and χ2 test were used to compare the preference of regional differences, population distribution and the distribution features. Results The composition ratio of outpatient and hospitalization are 74.83% and 15.92% respectively. Townships or counties are 44.65% and 41.49% respectively. A Chi-square test shows that the differences of the utilization rates of both service types and institution levels among different sexes, ages and districts were statistically significant (all P＜0.05). There are 14.51% residents only going to county level hospitals only for hospitalization. Conclusion Chinese rural residents have their preferences to health services. Men and teenagers prefer to township medical institutions, women and the elderly prefer to hospitalization and to county-level hospitals. Residents’ preference shows unreasonable utilization with health services. |
| Key words: rural resident,health service,visit preference |
