?????? 随着医学科学技术的快速发展和学科之间不断交叉融合，虚拟学科已成为医学学科发展的一个重要方向。从虚拟学科的定义出发，探讨了虚拟学科的构建原则和组织特征，结合医院实践介绍了4种虚拟学科模式，即星型模式、互补模式、平行模式和混合模式，并指出医院虚拟学科建设有利于促进医学科学技术的发展、充分利用有限的医学资源、促进医学研究成果的转化、促进各学科间的良性合作。

?????? With the rapid development of medical science and technology and the combination of different disciplines，virtual discipline has become an important direction in the development of medical disciplines. Based on the definition of virtual discipline，the construction principle and organizational characteristics of the virtual discipline are explored. Through combining with hospital practice，4 kinds of virtual discipline modes are introduced，including star mode，complementary mode，parallel mode and mixed mode. It is pointed out that the construction of hospital virtual discipline is helpful to promote the development of medical science and technology，to make full use of the limited medical resources，to promote medical research achievement transformation，and to promote the positive cooperation among various disciplines.